Driver Sharp Ar-5731
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Corticosteroids have been demonstrated to stimulate both hippocampal and amygdalar neurogenesis. Notably, the combination of corticosterone and gonadal steroids is required to stimulate neurogenesis in the adult DG. In a previous study, we reported that corticosterone and estradiol treatment in females greatly increased proliferation of NPCs in the SGZ of the adult DG. This effect was dose-dependent, with the optimal dose of corticosterone being at the levels administered to female mice in our previous study. Importantly, we observed that androgen receptor antagonist also inhibited the effects of estradiol on hippocampal neurogenesis
The human brain contains 95% neuronal cells and 5-10% glia; however, the distribution of these cells is not uniform. Neurons and the astrocytic radial glial cells are located in the neocortex and hippocampus, whereas the oligodendrocytic cell layer lies at the border between the limbic cortex and the thalamus. In addition to the morphological uniformity, each cell type also has a characteristic gene expression profile. Gene expression profiling can identify subpopulation of cells in the human brain. This technique has been used extensively as a method to identify cell types in the human brain in both healthy subjects and in the context of disease, such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), Parkinson’s disease, and schizophrenia. To be able to functionally validate our results, we first chose a set of genes, which are known to be specifically expressed in one or the other cell type. Gene expression patterns from this screen were then verified by performing quasimultiplex RT PCR. To verify this result in a larger sample, we performed a second RT-PCR experiment for a set of genes that are known to be markers for the oligodendrocytic lineage. This set of genes was validated using a larger cohort of patients and controls. For this study, we performed a gene expression profiling of patients with schizophrenia, major depression, and bipolar disorder to subdivide into subtypes of the disease. mRNA from the right prefrontal cortex of the patients and healthy subjects was extracted using Trizol reagent, converted into cDNA using the Omniscript RT Kit and then amplified by real-time PCR with the ABI 7500 real-time thermocycler. d2c66b5586